Prologue: Life Shaping Events

We are all products of our life experiences. Some shape us more than others. Some totally define us. Some of us will be tested beyond what we could imagine. Some win a future for themselves, and for all who follow.

This is a story of incredible resilience.

David Kulchar was born the youngest of six children to his mother Anna on the 22^nd of May 1922. His mother will play a significant role in shaping her youngest, as will the circumstances of his times.

His mother’s story is extraordinary in its own right. Anna was in her second marriage to Frank Kulchar, having survived her first husband, Michael Varga, and father of her first four children, George, Michael, Katie and Steven. Following the death of her first husband, Anna remarried to Frank and bore two sons, Ernest and David. Michael, Ernest and David would come to serve in the US Army in the greatest conflict of the twentieth century. She would suffer the worry and hurt of any mom sending a child off to war, but her worry would be three-fold.

Anna, was born in Hungary along with both of her husbands. She was of strong immigrant stock. Here in America’s heartland of Cleveland they came to build a life for themselves, to be part of building a future, for themselves and America. They wouldn’t have thought of their futures quite this way, they were about living and building as best as they could.

In such times they lived among the Hungarian diaspora in cramped neighborhoods where the workers of America have always been found. Where immigrants had fled to. Here they hoped to escape the incessant strife and wars of a Europe that continually saw great powers jostling for control and seeking conquest on the backs of working men, while the landed and wealth played the roles of gentry and officers of great armies that would periodically lay waste to the land and lives of the common workers and farmers. So, they would withstand the discrimination from those who migrated to America before them, and would make the best life they could. America needed immigrants. Immigrants needed America.

David’s early years were spent in a lively family bustling with energy, five older brothers and an older sister made sure he was stimulated and active from an early age.

Life was good, until it wasn’t. In 1929 the stock market crashed. Fortunes were lost over night. This seemed of little importance to the Kulchar family. After all, they knew no one who owned stock, like most working families. But then the run on the banks would come, the layoffs at the foundries and then the bakeries and suddenly there was no work. Long-lines for bread. Soup lines. Suddenly life which seemed to have so much promise would become desperate and uncertain.

The oldest, George, went North to Detroit to find work. There was a promise of a new steel mill being established in a place called Ecorse along the banks of the Detroit River. A village of sorts just south of the great city, which had become famous for automotive factories.

George did find work at the new steel mill, Great Lakes Steel. At a time when everything was crashing down, there was new hope for this family. George helped the family move North. His step-father, Frank and brother Mike would also find jobs at the mill. George would be a roller, the high precision position of controlling the floor production of steel, while Frank would be an inspector, ensuring proper quality of the process, and Mike would be a hooker, using tongs to control strands of hot molten steel. These jobs were incredibly dangerous, the work was hot, dirty, and the noise was unrelenting. Workers relied on carefully choregraphed movements and hand signals to keep the steel moving and stay as safe as possible.

They bought a house on 5^th street in Ecorse Village. At just over 1000 square feet, it was crowded with eight of them, and a new baby which would make nine. Katie became pregnant, in what amounted to a minor family scandal, and Richard was born in 1930. She would not marry the father, unusual for the times. However, in what they were now calling the Great Depression it was not uncommon for men to move on in search of work, eschewing family responsibilities.

Katie worked as a servant for a prominent village family. In total, although tough times, the salaries from the mill made it possible for the family to live free of worry from starvation and homelessness. This was not the case for many of this generation. The figure that follows is from the 1930 census. Dave was age 7 at the time of the census.

George married Irene Gorundy soon after, and bought a house on two lots, with the idea of building a second house sometime in the future. This would never happen.

This relieved at least the overcrowding as Ernie and Steve, also moved in for a time with George and Irene before eventually moving on in life. Thus with 6 people in the small house life was a bit easier.

Life was possible, affordable in very tough times, they counted themselves fortunate.

But disaster would change all this in two years.

Frank, David’s pa, was killed in an accident at the mill in early 1932. It’s not clear exactly how it happened, but he was crushed by a crane.

Once again Anna found herself without a husband and with children to look after. David was 9. The disaster hit him hard, as he was old enough to understand that this was more than a personal disaster, this was confusing and life changing threat to the well-being of the family.

The family was devastated, they held on to each other during the closed-casket funeral service, at the Hungarian church of St. John’s in Delray. The service was attended by hundreds. Help and care came from everyone, but in two weeks it was over. Everyone goes back to work, or in Dave’s case back to school. It was an early lesson that the world is a dangerous place. But life goes on for the living.

While in Europe, as in America, the Great Depression raged. And in Germany, the pain of reparations from the “Great War” weighed heavily on the people. Unemployment and inflation made life unbearable. In 1932, the Nazi Party would win the largest number of seats in the Reichstag, not a majority, but enough to eventually take control. And so in1933, an Austrian-Hungarian born, Corporal in the Great War, Adolf Hitler, became the Chancellor of Germany.

Within a year he would use the levers of government power to change the Republic to an Autocratic Dictatorship with Fascist intents and dreams of conquest and racial purification.

Industrialist backed him with his plans to build one of the largest militaries the world had ever seen. The people supported him as they went back to work, and they welcomed the marshal drums, the stories he told about the German exceptionalism and the engagement and involvement of a totalitarian and society. His popularity soared as factories were built, highways were built, and great monuments to an Aryan Race were built to proclaim their superiority. Soon it was to be followed by conquests that were rapid, total and complete.

As this was happening in Europe. Franklin Delano Roosevelt would be elected president of the United States. Being sworn into office in 1933, he would embark on some of the greatest social change ever. He would usher in a New Deal, where by there would be a social net to protect those who become unemployed, disabled and/or unable to work due to age. Banks would be regulated. People will be fed and jobs would become more plentiful until another recession hits in 1938.

The interest and intent of the nation would be one of development and growth, not conquest. Those seeking racial purification will be ever present but will be pushed into the background. After all, this was a nation of immigrants. These people from everywhere in the world and of all races and religions would build a great nation. Fighting our way out of economic tragedy and environmental ruin through legislation and regulation will be the focus. His government would lead a nation toward a modern industrial and agriculture future. The military services would receive little funding, and by 1940, the standing US Army would be about a tenth of the size of Germany’s. Poland, France, even Portugal would have more modern and larger armies.

The stage is set for two very different cultures to come together in a terrific clash. The American working class born out of resilience and personal creativity and initiative versus a culture born out of dependency on the directives of a charismatic leader and a philosophy and mythology of Aryan superiority.

The story must be told about the average American boys unexpectedly finding themselves warriors for their country at a time the country needed millions of such average, but extraordinary and exceptional men. Men who would stand for freedom and liberty and would suffer horrors unimagined.

Chapter 1: December 1937, A Cold Steel Town

Cold resiliency, intractable odds, a destiny, and a legacy. These are the winter wars of a teen in the icy cold of a steel town battle for supremacy of White Street in the December winter, 1937. An unforeseeable prologue. David calls out to Billy, “We got them on the run” as he chugs another icy-snowball at the boys from Fourth St… racing to the snow bank two houses to the East.

Billy calls out, “let’s push them back!”

Jack, huffing from the exertion of cutting quickly across the street to a stored ammo of ice-balls, yells, “Davey… you have the speed, get up to the corner, we’ll get them boxed in.”

In doing so, the boys from Fourth realize they are losing and beat a hasty retreat from their White Street incursion… and now White Street is the province of the Fifth St. boys thanks to speed, strategy and a supply of ammo.

Mom from around the corner calls out “Dávid, gyere be ide, nem játszhatsz egész nap! … “Az Isten szerelmére, a 15 éves korodra!”

“Jack, I need to go, mom’s calling me, I have some work to do, she says I can’t play all day! … and more specifically… for Christ’s sake, I’m 15 years old!”

“I never have an idea what your mom is saying, what a language! The only words I understand and care to hear is chicken paprikash… if she has any to share, let me know!”

“Jack, nice try, but if you want something you’ll need to help with the deliveries”…

“Naw, I’m heading home.”

“Me too” says Billy, “I need to study for school.”

Billy and Jack, trudge off to their homes, and whatever chores might await them.

This cold steel town is doing better than some in the middle of a depression, but not great. His brothers are getting laid off, and hours are being cut at the mill. Furthermore, people moving up from the South, looking for work are taking jobs from existing residents, as they will work for whatever scraps they can get.

Dave gets his sled and gathers the wash mom cleaned, ironed folded and put in clean laundry bags. He begins trekking across the snowy streets to the crunch of his boots with a cold wind stinging his face, he looks to the gray skies and says to no-one “it didn’t seem that cold when we were playing.”

He heads up 5^th Street to Southfield. Turning East away from the afternoon sun, he feels the wind coming from the river. At the viaduct for the railroad that crosses above the road, he heads down and the sled is nearly chasing him only to find that on the uphill side he is working hard to pull the sled up the icy sidewalk. His galoshes are slipping, but they are better than nothing. At the top of the hill, the wind again announces its presence. He pulls his scarf tighter across his face against the sting. Another two blocks and he turns right on High St.

Per mom’s instructions he drops the laundry at the Baklarz home and collects a quarter from Mrs. Baklarz as a tip… it feels good to have some change in his pocket. Moving on, he retraces his steps to the Baklarz market to deliver the clean and folded aprons, and pick up the chicken ma told him not to forget, and to get last.

Around back, Johnny Baklarz opens the door and lets him in from the bitter cold.

“Davey, you look like you could use a hot chocolate, let me get one for you. Have a seat, we’re not busy now… I think the cold is keeping people home.”

Johnny wipes his hands on a bloodied apron and pours a cup for Dave and himself from the kettle on the burner in the back.

Dave takes his mittens off… the scent of chocolate is wonderful, the warmth in his hands a welcome relief from the cold as he takes a sip of chocolate goodness.

“Johnny, you had a great football career through high school, I thought you might play in college, or at least go to college, but here you are working at your folks’ market?”

“I’d like to, I had plans to be at Michigan State studying Forestry… and Arizona State showed an interest in me for football, but times are hard. My family needs me to work here at the market. Half our customers buy food on credit, so we cannot afford to pay wages for someone to do my job. I gotta be here until people have jobs and money to pay their tabs.”

Musing further, Johnny says “I believe these tough times are going to end, the history of the world is full of difficult times as our history teacher Mr. Jackson taught. Our generation will have to innovate, build, create and likely fight for a future that will be better.”

“I’ll tell you though, if things turn around, I’d really love to go to Arizona and get out of Michigan and these cold winters and gray skies… what about you?”

“What do you mean?”

“Sports might be a way out of here, they do give some scholarships, if you can afford to live on campus… I know college will be difficult for your family with three brothers and a sister”…

“Well actually four brothers, but my oldest brother, George, is out of the house and working at the mill, thankfully, as he has a family of his own. But as you know pa died a few years back. My brothers Steve and Ernie got laid off at the mill last month, probably like many of your customers. My brother Mike had his hours cut so that he’s only working part-time at the mill.”

“Yeah, that is right, we’ve heard from most of Ecorse. Everyone is either looking for employment or more hours where they are. A few weeks ago, Roosevelt talked about the unemployment crisis in his fireside chat. He said that the surge in work at places like the mill over the last few years just led to over production and excessive inventories… the subsequent cut backs, hit towns like ours hard.

“Yeah, I listened to the speech. I like how he makes even bad news sound like it something we can overcome. But that doesn’t put food on the table. We have a big household and times are hard. My mom does laundry, as you know, to supplement and my sister is now working as a lived-in for one of the few wealth families in the area.”

“Dang, the hot chocolate is good. I really appreciate it.”

“Well, it’s nice to have someone to chat with, it has been a least two hours since anyone came into the store today… so tell me Davey, what are your plans?”

“I expect I’ll be enlisting after high school, there’s no family business and getting in with the mill or an auto factory seems nearly impossible. I could work at Wild Bill’s I suppose. I’ve helped there with some auto repairs, but I just don’t know if there’s enough work?”

“Hey, Johnny, what do you think about what happened in last year’s Olympics, with all the marching and chest beating about Aryan superiority – and then Owen’s showed them in track, and our boys embarrassed them in rowing… maybe the Fascists are going to make trouble, if for no other reason than we kicked their butts.”

“That was cool, but I don’t think they have their sights on us, but you never know.”

“You know I watched you during practice this last fall. You are a little small for football, but you are fast, you are smart, what about track? I won state championship in shotput, but Ecorse High could use some more speed on the team this coming spring.”

“Yeah, I think I’ll give it a try.”

“Here…” as he tosses a book to Dave… “read this book about the “Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World”, it includes in the first chapter the battle of Marathon, it is interesting! The Marathon race in the Olympics gets its name from this battle. I think you’ll find it interesting. Also, it tells us a lot about how the world has been changed through great battles. Mr. Jackson gave me the book last spring, I don’t think he expects it back.”

“Johnny, that’s swell, I’ll read it and sign up for track this spring. I hope someday you get a chance to play at Arizona, or anywhere. I’m sure you would like to see more of this world. Maybe, you’ll be famous, and not just for cutting meat here in this market.”

“Thanks a lot kid… now drink up, I gotta get back to my famous meat cutting… and take this chicken your mom asked for, on credit like the rest of the city.”

Dave, put the mug on the counter, tucked the book in his coat, and put on his mittens before leaving. He dragged his sled behind him carrying a paper-wrapped chicken.

He brazenly headed right up through 4^th St. as the sun was starting to descend behind the trees and homes along the street, the gray getting darker, like the charcoal colors that seem to fit so well a steel town in tough times.

Turning down White street he retraced his way through the battle ground of the play fight from earlier, wondering what the future might hold… he was fast, and track seemed a good way to get noticed … the girls might make greater notice of a jock with a letter on his jacket.

The wind picked up and blew cold, once again stinging his face. “Dang it’s cold, I hope mom has got some soup on the stove.”

Chapter 2: January 1938, To Work

Ma, calls for a family meeting around the dinner table. Mike, Steve, Ernie (who everyone called Bones but Ma) and Dave. Katie had moved to her live-in maid job, and George was across the street with his new young family. To know one’s surprise, Ma was the unquestioned lead in any discussion. She was tough, no bullshit kind of person who said what she meant and meant what she said.

Anna starts in her native language… “You boys have had it too easy. Layoffs, hours cut, these are no good excuses. You must bring money to the family. We don’t have enough money to cover the rent, heating costs and we are behind on our bills with Baklarz and everyone else who gives us credit. I’ve asked your brother George for help enough, he has his own family and two young ones. The $500 we got from the Mill on pa’s passing is long gone, we do not have enough money. There is only so much laundry available for me to do, as other families have had their hours cut and cannot pay.”

“Mike, your hours are cut, then you must find more work.”

“Steve, you only had the job for a short time and you are laid off. You need another job.”

“Ernest both you and David, you are old enough now that you need have jobs. School will have to wait.”

Mike replies, “ma, I’ve been thinking about the Michigan Air National Guard. I can sign up and work weekends to make some more money. It’s not that much, but it makes up for some of the hours that have been cut… but it doesn’t make sense for Bones to quit school, he only has 6 more months left to graduate.”

Ma says, “I don’t like it either, but school doesn’t matter if there’s no food to eat.”

Steve interjects, “I agree with Mike. Bones should finish school, and Dave should too… I’m sure I can find something soon.”

Ma replies, “You better get your ass out there looking, you cannot be spending time with your buddies and girls.”

Ernie pleads, “ma, I gotta finish school. It will improve my chances of finding work, and it’s just a few months more.”

Dave, knowing that he must say something… “I agree Bones needs to finish, and I want to continue. I’m doing well in my course work and I want to run track too. But I can pick up some work at the auto shop.”

David continuing, says “Ernie, it makes sense for you to finish school. People are not buying new cars, so they need to make their cars last longer and so there is more repair work than before. I’ve been hanging around the auto shop and will see if I can work there. Bill will pay me per job. I’ve rebuilt some transmissions for him, and he’s paid me $5 for doing so, maybe I can get more of that work if I quit school.”

Ma renders final judgements… “David, yes take that work. You can go back to school when times are better. Ernie, finish school. Mike sign up for the Guard, but also take any extra hours that are available. Get with your brother George and see if he can pull you into additional work at the mill, he has been there a long time, and has a boss man job. Steve, I know you’ll find something. You must. We all must work together.

—

Dave went to Bill Hines of Wild Bill’s Auto. He was under a ’32 Ford…

“Yeah kid, what do you want?”

“I know business is picking up for you, and I’d like to know if I was here more, could you use me for more transmission rebuilds, or other engine work?”

“You are pretty handy, and did good work on the few jobs I’ve given you, but what about school?”

“I’m going to drop out of school. I need to work, I need to contribute to the family purse.”

“Well, I think that’s a bad idea for you, but I could use capable help. I got yokels coming in here every day looking for work but most don’t know a socket wrench from box wrench… Okay. I’ll pay you by the job, don’t get the idea of a regular wage. If I have work for you, you’ll get paid. If not, you don’t.”

“Deal.”

With that Dave, went to the administration office first thing the next morning and withdrew from school. The office said, others have had to do the same thing this year, and suggested he think of it as a suspension of his schooling.

Mike, joined the Michigan Air National Guard and Steve took a month or two before he found a job swinging a hammer for a construction crew, doing repair work and add-ons for people who are expanding their houses to allow for lodgers to somehow make ends meet.

Ernie finished school in the summer of 1938 and joined Steve to work as a roofer on some of the construction activities the company was undertaking. Later Ernie would also join the Michigan Air National Guard to augment his pay and follow in the footsteps of older brother Mike.

Chapter 3: Spring 1940, Back to School

Dave has been working for two years at Wild Bill’s. He’s made some money, and the family has recovered with the pickup of work as the economy is recovering from the Great Depression of 1929-1933 and then the Recession of 1937-1938. The recovery was aided by an explosive growth in steel production to meet the demands of rearmament and to meet the purchases of Britain, who need to tool up for the war with Germany. Later with Land-Lease the steel industry would hit unbelievable production capacity to meet the insatiable demand for weaponry by the US Army, the British, and the Russians. All steel was being used for military purpose, almost nothing was allocated for car production, so business was very good for Wild Bill. People needed their cars to last longer.

It’s January 4, and Dave, working too many hours at the shop, was just a bit careless and found the sting of a fan belt that tore the tip of his finger down to the first knuckle. Wrapping his hand in a bandage, he rode his bike through the winter cold, bleeding less that he had expected. Even though cold, he dared not put a glove on the damaged hand.

Ma said, “what’s the matter with you? Don’t you know what you are doing by now ügyetlen alak

(roughly translated to klutz)!”

Ma calling out to Steve… “get me the Palinka (homemade apricot brandy) from the top shelf.”

Unwrapping the hand, she looked it over, nodding, she took a drink of the brandy and then poured it over the wound …

Dave, pulled back… “SZAR!… SHIT!”… “That stings.”

Ma, says “that means it’s working… where’s the rest of your finger?”

“I don’t know, the macska (cat) got it and ran off.”

With that they all started laughing… Dave, said “give me a bit of the Palinka”, and they passed the brandy around… Steve, happy to have a snip before dinner too.

Ma said to Steve, “go in the cellar and bring me some utifu (plantain broadleaf) we stored from the garden.”

She smashed the leaves and applied it to the freshly cleaned stump and wrapped it with a handkerchief… “there, it will be as good as new”… laughing she added … “just a wee bit shorter.”

Passing the brandy around, they all laughed.

At dinner, the conversation was of course about Dave’s stubby finger, but also his inability to work for the next several weeks or more.

Mike said, “well maybe it makes sense to get back to school, after all you can’t work for a while. I’m working fulltime as a machinist at Briggs auto parts factory, making good money. Steve and Ernie are working a lot as well. In addition, I have some extra pay from the Michigan Air National Guard.

Ernie said, “yeah, Steve and I are building these Quonset hut homes like crazy near the mill as they are building an ammunition factory along Mill street in where the old foundry was, and we have lots of work right now. I think we could even get back into the steel mill if we want, and either way, I I’ll join the Guard as well, it will be better than being drafted. I should be able to get some weekend pay too.”

Steve says, “the war production effort shows no sign of slowing, I’m going to the mill to try and get my old job back as a hooker. We should have no problem making money. I just worry that this war is going to explode in more violence now that Poland has fallen and the Huns are threating Britain, Belgium and France. It seems to be a good time for ‘stubby’ to go back to school.”

Ma in agreement says “yes, this is good. Davey needs to go back to school.”

Dave in reply, “well I guess I’ll go to the administration office tomorrow and see what they say, but I’d like to stay close to the car business as well, I love cars and motorcycles.”

Mike said, “well cheers to that… just keep the rest of your fingers ‘stubby’, especially if you want to work on cars for a living.”

Over the next few weeks, Anna bathed Dave’s wound with homemade chamomile tea and applied a salve made from simmered marigold petals and lard. The thickened mixture once cooled was applied to the wound like a salve.

Davey, her youngest was a favorite of hers and she loved that this treatment gave her extra time to sit with him for longer than he would normally and talk about the world events and the future. She worried about the future and the prospect of war, so many wars had been proffered across the plains of mountains of Austria-Hungary, she prayed her sons would not be made part of this recurring madness.

Dave for his part was anxious to get back to school. In the admin office, he sat down with Mr. Jackson.

Mr. Jackson was pleased to see him, “well David, it is great to see you, I was disappointed that you quit school. You are bright and the track team could really use you.”

“I know Mr. Jackson, but two years ago we really needed the money, and we wanted to give Ernie a chance to finish school, so I worked. But I’m ready to come back. I can’t work anyway at least for another month”… with that he held up left hand showing his finger wrapped tight with the cloth his mom had applied that morning. “I caught it in a fan belt and lost the tip of my finger.”

“Does it hurt much?”

“Not really, if I keep it elevated, but throbs like a drum if I let it hang down.”

“I suggest you don’t do that then.”

“Not to worry, sir.”

“Well glad to have you back to school, here is the class listings for this semester. I suggest these classes” which he marked off on the syllabus.

“But in addition, there is an apprenticeship program starting with Henry Ford in Dearborn that would give you an opportunity to train as an electrician and work part-time while continuing your education. The program extends beyond the high school year, but I think you’d be a good candidate and should look into it.”

“Thank you, sir, I’d really be interested in such a program.”

“Okay then, here’s an application you can fill out.”

—

A few days later Davey submitted his application for the apprenticeship program with the hope that this would be a real ticket to the future, as he slipped back into the school life.

He was the new kid in class, as his former classmates were in their last semester, but then again, there were plenty of new kids having moved into the area with families to help build the “arsenal of democracy” the term coined by Franklin Roosevelt. The Detroit area would convert its auto manufacturing capability toward building tanks and bombers. Its steel manufacturing would fuel the expansion, and so too the foundries, which once shaped bed springs and such, would become ammunition factories. The area was bustling with activity and new arrivals.

Davey’s finger healed and he would show off three fingers and ask his classmates, “you know how much this is?” They would invariably answer “three”, and he would say, nope, “Two and a half.”

Instead of working every day, school seemed easy, and spring track brought an opportunity to compete. He was fast and improving. He liked that he was as old as the seniors and his body had matured and his stamina was great, so he could run with the seniors and became a star on the track team. And the girls were starting to notice too. He didn’t mind that he was a bit older than his female classmates, it seemed to give him an advantage.

In early May, Mr. Jackson pulled David into his office… “David, you have been accepted into the apprenticeship program at Henry Ford in Dearborn. You’ll have an opportunity to learn how to be an electrician while working with them. I think they’ll have you working on the production line producing tank armor. You’ll have to get yourself to the plant each day. If you accept, you start on Monday, June 3^rd. The program runs through the summer and continues on a part-time basis during the school year. With this program, you should be on track to graduate with the 1942 class. What do you say?”

“Wow, that is swell! I’ll definitely take advantage of this program. I really appreciate all your help. Oh, and by the way, I have the book ‘Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World” that Johnny Baklarz gave me a few years ago, he said it was yours… would you like it back?”

“Hahaha, no I don’t need it back, but it was nice that you remembered it… did you read it?”

“Yes, I found it fascinating.”

“Well, hopefully you won’t need the lessons of those battles in your future. For me, I fought my war, and it was brutal. I saw friends die, many wounded, and those who survived, forever changed. I fear for your generation, as too much of history is being repeated. The Germans have pushed the Brits to the edge of the continent, they must find a way out of the mess at Dunkirk. The French too appear to be on the verge of defeat. I’m afraid this war is not going to end without our involvement. Best of luck to you David. Do what you can to learn a trade and become valuable to your country beyond carrying a rifle.”

Chapter 4: June 1940, Apprenticeship Program

What a celebration! A long table, with family enjoying a sunny lunch on a clear second day of June. The family just back from church services at St. John’s, the church built and attended by Delray’s Hungarian immigrant community. This immigrant community, like so many others, have provided the needed workers over the past 30 some years to the booming industrial base of Detroit. These work-hard, play-hard people, know how to live with great appreciation for their adopted homeland. They have chased prosperity across an ocean, finding their way deep into the industrial heartland of America.

The flowers bordering the garden blooming, the tomatoes, green but looking plump, the cucumbers and watermelon on their way to ripeness. A barrel of Stroh’s for the occasion and burgers and dogs on the grill, and of course stuffed cabbage, perogies and other mouth-watering dishes on display.

The flag waving with pride on the front porch, just visible from the table set up in the front-side yard. Well not really a table, rather some boards kept in the garage placed on saw horses and covered with table cloths.

The gypsies just arriving with their musical instruments, that oldest brother George invited for the occasion. Well truth be told, he didn’t need much of an occasion to invite the gypsies to play and to tap a keg of Stroh’s.

Dave looks along the table realizing in this moment more than others that he is blessed with family. He, being the youngest, has enjoyed the affection and attention of mom, and beyond the teasing, the support and advice of four older brothers and a sister.

Ma, and Katie are flying around putting food on the table gathered from the kitchen. Mike is tending a charcoal grill with dogs and burgers sizzling and smoking.

The ladies finally all sit down, mom next to Katie, who is next to Alex, who is getting cozy with sister Katie, and next to him is Richard, her son, age 9 and not the son of Alex, will this ever work out, who knows. Next to Richard is MaryAnn, age 8, the daughter of Irene and George, who occupy the other end of the table.

George is his oldest brother who first found a job with Great Lakes Steel and then helped ma and pa to move up from Cleveland along with his brothers and Katie. He helped Katie with her surprise pregnancy, and helped pa get a job. Then helped ma get through the devasting accident that killed pa in the mill. So much is owed to my brother and his dedication to ma and the rest of the family.

Brother’s Steve, Mike and Bones are together on the North side of the table. Mike and Bones looking sharp in their Michigan Air National Guard uniforms. And, Mikey, George’s son, age 5 sitting on my lap.

We are not wealthy, but we have survived what people have been calling The Great Depression, we survived tragedy and scandal and now we are, what some would call, comfortable.

All the brothers are working. George, still has an important position as a roller at the mill, Steve got a job back in the mill. Mike is working as a machinist, and Ernie a roofer. The area is buzzing as the factories are at full throttle and workers need housing. Even Irene is working at an ammunition factory that opened up over on Mill St at the old foundry. And tomorrow I go to work at Ford’s while getting paid to learn to be an electrician.

There is a great opportunity for prosperity, and yet the cloud of war overhangs every discussion.

At St. John’s, the older folks were all in a chitter. They being acutely aware, their home country, a former part of the Austria-Hungarian empire, would soon be a target of Nazi Germany’s desire. From the talk, it seems they believe a feckless Hungarian government will likely ally with Germany to appease them … and it will probably fail, just as the Brit’s appeasement, nearly two years prior, has failed. The conversation from church was spilling over into this afternoon’s festivities, with nearly everyone believing war’s cannons will boom over Hungary, and our Army and Navy will be called to defend democracy and ensure freedom from tyranny.

Dave, glancing again at the flag waving in the light breeze, is thinking: “these are heady and exciting times, big things are happening. I’m thankful for Mr. Jackson’s push to get me into the apprenticeship program at Ford’s.”

His day dream, is interrupted when Katie’s Richard pulls MaryAnn’s hair and in quick response, she slugs him and they start racing around the table, MaryAnn trying to get in another lick… Mickey, George’s young son sitting on Dave’s lap, trying to get a sip of his beer, decides to clamber down and join the melee… and now they are all running around the table, even Blackie, the dog who has been sleeping quietly is now up and joining in the chase.

Sister Katie, grabs Richard by the collar and disrupts the whole shenanigans. Sitting him in his seat, this gave MaryAnn a chance to get one more punch to his arm as she settles into hers, and Mickey decides someone should be playing with the dog as he runs off to the yard chasing the dog.

The table erupts with laughter, creating a pause in the serious conversations about war and the future, just as the gypsies are warming up their instruments.

George, looking sharp in his white shirt, suspenders holding up his pleated, baggy pants, raises his mug in toast to Davey… “Congratulations to Davey, he may be the youngest of us, but he could well be the best of us. The apprenticeship program is a great honor, and will lead to future prosperity!”

“Now let us drink up, eat up, and start the music”… “Come on Irene, let’s dance”…

And so, the party begins!

The kids, join in immediately and Katie grabs her fiancé Alex to join Irene and George already bouncing off the improvised plywood dance floor placed over the grass lawn. Cars going by honk at the partiers for the pure fun of it, as neighbors are wandering over to join in too.

Mike, Steve and Bones with their beers seem to be having a serious conversation over by the grill, despite the music and merriment.

Davey, grabs his ma’s hand, dragging her onto the makeshift dance floor to the music of the chardash which is beginning to move from its slow initial and dramatic phase, into a faster pace. Soon the musicians will bring it to it’s inevitable lively twirling experience.

Davey’s speed and agility are matched by no one as the music picks up tempo, but ma did her best to keep up, showing she’s got some great moves despite their 40-year age difference. Davey was clapping and impressed as always, with ma’s strength and endurance. Yes… these are the moments which must be remembered.

Grabbing a dog off the grill that Mike has been tending, as well as, a beer, Davey wipes the perspiration off his forehead and joins the conversation which now moves to one end of the table.

Steve says, “the man of the hour… sit here… getting a chance to join the program at Ford’s is amazing, it’s quite the opportunity. I’d like to do something like that. Maybe I’ll get a chance later, for now, I’m thrilled to get the work at the mill. The hooker job is damn hot and difficult but it’s nice to be making some better money than construction.”

Mike, just stepping away from the grill with a burger, and sitting with Dave, Steve and Ernie saying “Yes, maybe you can get a chance to become an apprentice machinist, I’ll look out for such opportunities at Briggs, especially if I get pulled into the Army Air Corp. but there are lots of people looking for these programs.”

Bones says, “Don’t forget about me, I don’t want to be a roofer for longer than need be.”

Mike says, “Yeah, I know, but this fall you and I are going to be in the Army from what I’m hearing in the guard.”

Steve, says “well the draft board gave me a 4-F rating due to my eyesight… so I’ll keep working at the mill until something better pops up.”

Bones changing the subject some, “Davey, how are you getting to the bus station for Ford’s tomorrow morning?”

“Well, Mike how about you give me a ride as you leave early to Briggs? I expect you are going up on Fort St. to get to Mack Ave. Can you drop me on the way at the bus station in Lincoln Park?”

“Yep, that sounds good. Just be ready to leave by 6:30.”

“I’ll be up and ready to go by 6!”

“Sure, you will.” Mike replies with a knowing smile.

—

At 6 the next morning, the Stroh’s from yesterday and the toasting of Palinka around the table was doing a number on Dave’s head as Mike rounded him from bed and pushed him rudely through an abbreviated morning routine so they could leave in time for Dave to catch the 7AM bus .

Dave, quite sure he slept through the bus ride to Dearborn, filed off the bus with all the other workers… and managed to find the new employees’ line.

Dave handed over his application acceptance letter, and was ushered through the paperwork and an orientation before being put in a classroom of young men looking equally anxious and excited.

After class, he was shown to a production line where he measured armor thickness, prepared reports and tracked overall progress of the production line under the supervision of Robert Randle.

He said, “Call me RR… do what I need done, and you will get a chance to work on the line sensors and electronics as your education proceeds.”

Dave replied, “Thank you sir.”

One afternoon that summer, as Dave had grown in responsibilities and he was picking up more of the electrician duties in addition to production flow monitoring. He and RR sat down over lunch and talked about the events of the day as they had a few times before.

“RR, what do you think about this ‘Atlantic Charter’ that Churchill and Roosevelt just signed?”

“Dave, in one way I think it is great, it defines an ideal state of existence between nations, especially the rights of self-determination, no nation should forcibly take over the territory of another, and there should be freedom of the seas.”

“Why only in one way?”

“Because it is in essence declaring war on the ideas of Fascist conquest, and declaring that the seas shall be open to commerce. The Nazi’s are not going to stop until they take over all countries of Europe and certainly will not allow the military equipment and food and energy resources free passage to Britain.”

“This is no different than 1916, our ships will be torpedoed, and men will die, and we will be dragged into this war directly. This is a stick in the eye of Hitler, and Roosevelt knows what he’s doing, this creates the environment for us to enter the war. I think he wants it.”

“But RR, the Nazi’s certainly don’t want war with us, we beat them in the last war, right?”

“Dave, I was there. It was not like they portray in the movies. The Germans were tough and we were green. We fought but we were under equipped and beat them back, only because they had been at war for nearly four years and they were exhausted of men and material. But it was bloody and awful… and we are not ready today.”

“My brothers are in the Air National Guard. They feel that war is coming and they expect to be mobilized, and the draft is getting men ready now even though we are not at war.”

“I know what that means. I was young once, and full of piss and vinegar, thinking we were going to be ready in no time to go kick the Huns ass… it just doesn’t work that way.”

“We should’ve kept a professional Army, not try to raise one overnight. I have a buddy from the Great War who is now a company commander and participated in the 2^nd Army maneuvers last summer in Wisconsin. He tells me it was a disaster. The idea was to stress-test the Army against the type of fast-moving success the Germans were having in Europe. The results were abysmal. Equipment was in short supply and often did not work. Trucks were painted with the word ‘TANK’ on the side. Some riflemen carried sticks labeled ‘rifle’. The National Guard troops proved to be out of shape and operated poorly against the US Army as an opposing force. Trucks broke down and there were no repair teams even contemplated. Radios failed. Written messages took too long to get from command to front lines, and there were too few phone lines installed fast enough. Officers performed poorly, failing to respond to fast changing situations and most commanders stay away from the front.”

“Well, I’m sure this can be fixed.”

“Dramatic changes need to be made, command structure should be changed, the leadership should be younger more aggressive commanders, the logistics chain needs dramatic upgrades in equipment and planning. We are not yet prepared for war, but we weren’t prepared last time either.”

“Maybe they need you back in the Army?”

“Hell no, they need young men, not guys like me. Besides, I’ve led men in battle, and I don’t think I have the stomach any longer to see men permanently maimed, to see men die, and to have to write the letters home to their mothers.”

“You are too young to be drafted … my advice is don’t enlist, stay with your training here and build a future that doesn’t involve shipping to Europe as a cog in a war machine … now speaking of machines, let’s get back to the production line, these machines will only run so long without our attention.”

“Yeah, I guess we are the cogs in these machines… I’m ready to get back to it.”

Chapter 5: Spring 1941, Life is Good

Life is indeed good. School is going well, the electrical apprenticeship 9 months in, is exciting. Dave is making measurements and reporting on critical parameters of production at the Dearborn factory. He studies on the bus ride to work two days a week. He’s ‘kicking it’ in track, and the girls are starting to really notice him, with his athletic posture, easy smile and fun-loving nature. Going to bed, tired from the track meet that day, but happy with the win, and the new records he’s set. What could be better for a young man soon to be 19, or so he thought as he drifted off to sleep.

But dreams are not always cooperative. Dreams are a journey in space and time. They take you where they want to take you, they make you realize that all things change, and life when it is good is really good, when not, it can be a nightmare. In this nightmare he found himself freezing, hungry and in pain, wishing for home for warm food, a girl to talk to, but feeling hopelessly lost. He was in a hell unimagined, a nightmare he was sure, yet he could not quite shake the feeling it was somehow very real in some other space and time. He rose and dressed in the clothes he left at the foot of the bed, well really just a cot, for there’s not a lot of room for much more.

Stiffly walking off the sore from the race yesterday, and following the scent of some fried eggs and bacon grease, he ambles into the kitchen. His brother, Steve was sipping coffee, just finishing his breakfast. The warmth of the kitchen, the smell of food was a sharp contrast to the nightmare so recently visited upon his soul.

“Davey, congrats heard you won the mile and cross-country race yesterday against Wyandotte … Ma left early to get some laundry from Mrs. Kovac, and I think another family, so you want me to make you some breakfast?”

“Sure, I’m hungry”… “and hey I’d like to talk to you about the future.”

Steve says, “Whattya got on your mind?”

“I have another year of school, and the apprenticeship at Ford’s is going well, but from all I see, there’s a war coming, Roosevelt announced the Land-Lease, which means we have picked a side and are providing weapons to Britain, the Nazis are in North Africa, I saw their flag in Paris on the newsreels at the Ecorse theater and the draft is underway. Mike and Ernie are in the Army already and training in Louisiana. What are we going to do? What will I do?”

Steve says, “you are too young to be drafted. You have to be 21 for the draft and out of school. I don’t see the problem.”

Dave replies, “well when the time comes, should I enlist, or wait for the draft?”

Steve asks, “scrambled or fried?”

“Scrambled is good by me, and a cup of joe too.”

“Look, you have time to figure this out. Just enjoy for now… Hey, I got a letter from Mike. He said that he and Bones are doing pretty good in Louisiana… Found that the food is kind of exciting, with some interesting spices, and the locals sound really different than we do.”

“It was good that Mike bought that used J2 cub and took pilot training through the New Deal program for civilian pilot training… he is getting further training as an Army fighter pilot. Bones is getting weapons training, they are going to send him to Florida for more training. The rumors point to them doing a coastal mission looking for German U-boats which are threatening shipping.”

Steve goes on, “I wish I could get in on this, but they won’t take me because of my eyesight, but if I can, I want to serve.”

“In the meantime, my job is making sure there’s steel for the war effort. The mill is running full steam, and I’m happy to get back in after those layoffs in 1937.”

Dave adds on, “the steel is being put to good use as armor in the production line I’m working. We are both contributing in important ways.”

Steve musing further, “the Huns might be unstoppable based on what they did in Poland and France, and the Japs are moving across China and taking advantage of the Brits and French having to fight the Nazis. This is why all of the Detroit area is on fire with production growth.”

David answering, “Mr. Jackson our athletic director and history teacher talked about his service in the Great War, he says our generation is going to be put in a similar situation as his. The history of the world is shaped by epic battles and campaigns … he says we need to be prepared and trained, they were too green when they went to France in 1917. This was the same thing that RR told me at Ford’s. They say it is only through the weight of numbers and fighting spirit that we beat back the Huns and the fact that they were exhausted by years of war before we got there. Our generation should learn from the past and do this better.”

“Hey, by the way, these eggs are good, a little skimpy on the bacon there… but thank you.”

“You’re welcome, bacon is expensive, and your skinny ass doesn’t need much anyway” and goes on with… “I agree with your Mr. Jackson and RR, this storm is coming and we all are going to be involved, but enough of that, who are you seeing now? Any girls in your target sites soldier?”

Smacking his lips as he wipes the grease off his plate with bread and finishes the last bite of eggs, Dave says… as a matter of fact there’s a girl out of Wyandotte who is a knockout. I saw her after the race yesterday… I took her bike for a joy ride, if she wasn’t already looking at me, it certainly got her attention.”

“I’m hope to see her this evening at the Friday Evening Hop… the Ernest Cooper Band is playing and they are great.”

“That’s cool, what’s her name?”

“Millie.” “I hope they play “In the Mood” cause, I’m in the mood!”

“I bet you’re in the mood… well have a great time ‘Romeo’, just don’t get hooked up right now, you have this apprenticeship program and a changing world ahead of you. I need to get to work and you need to get to school… but first clean up the kitchen for Ma, she ain’t gonna be happy if you leave it a mess!”

“Hey, this isn’t just my mess”

“It is now.” As Steve made a quick exit.

After cleaning the kitchen, he washed up… put his hair in a nice wave, held in place and shiny with Brylcreem, and donned his letter sweater before stepping out the door to school.

Chapter 6; December 1941, War!

Sunday morning, 7 December 1941… Dave is waking from a deep sleep. He’d been out the night before at a Dance and hung out with the guys afterwards comparing notes on the girls they danced with. Dave being a bit older than most of the guys and a track star no less. He was a main attraction for many of the girls. He danced with a half-dozen of the best looking. Given his choice, he’d sure would like get to know Betty better… but also, he realized this was only because Millie wasn’t visiting from Wyandotte. He still had a crush on her and wish she had been available, but rumor was that she was otherwise engaged and involved with some guy named Bill. Oh well, he wasn’t going to let that get in the way of his plan to ask Betty to the Christmas party at George and Irene’s next weekend. Certainly, there might be some chance to steal some alone time with Betty and get to know her better. At the dance there were too many prying eyes and listening ears.

Rising and getting cleaned up for church, he looked out on a light dusting of snow. Thinking it should be a good day today. Ma had prepared a chicken and there would be Chicken Praprikash and cabbage noodles and some Hungarian sausage for lunch after church.

They all climbed into the 1937 Ford, A tight fit, as Mike and Bones were home on leave. Mike drove, with Ma and Bones in the front seat, and Dave, Steve, Richard and Katie in the back bench. Richard sat on Dave’s lap to make it all work. The drive to DelRay was 20 minutes, as the roads were pretty quiet and the dusting of white made the world seem quite peaceful and clean.

As usual, the church services were excruciatingly long, featuring rhythmic chanting, and long prayers, all of which was in Hungarian. The incense, which would probably bother most who are not used to it, had a calming effect on Dave. It was as if the incense was for the purification of the world, part of chasing the odors of a nervous and yet distracted congregation. Very much like the world outside, where the fires of war raged across the world and here we profited from the conflagration with only a slight worry that it might yet catch hold here. And yet it hadn’t. After all, the last two and half years the news has been horrible, but we remain safe. Maybe the incense and prayers were working, it was chasing away the evil, it was somehow protecting this enclave of industrious people in the heartland of America who were oceans away from chaos and calamity.

After liturgy, gathering in the hall for coffee and donuts and the chatter of many, the kids, Maryann now almost nine, played as usual with Richard and Mickey. George, attentive to Irene, pregnant and looking like she was about to pop, got her a coffee and donut. In the meantime, Katie slipped away to visit with the Horvath’s and butter up to Alex and his family. As usual Mike, Steve, Ernie and Dave crowded together to joke about their Saturday evening adventures, and talk about the Lions 21 to 3 victory last Sunday against the Chicago Cardinals. Making plans for the day, they concluded the only game available on the mutual network feed would be the Brooklyn Dodgers vs. the New York Giants, broadcast from the Polo Grounds. Starting at 2:00, it was perfect for an after Sunday dinner relaxation with a Stroh’s.

Dinner was the usual great fare, with everyone employed, the table was laden with food, and everyone got their fill and then some. The chatter continued as it had at the church hall. It ranged from the production increases at the mill, to the work on the Ford production line, and the number of quick assembled homes being built to handle the tens of thousands coming into the Detroit area every month. Of course, there was also the gossip about who’s dating whom, who is in trouble with their family or the law, all the things that are part of any large family dinner. The discussion regarding the war was mostly about how unlikely it seemed our involvement would be now, over where it was, not very many months ago.

Mike was saying “It was really stupid of Germany to invade Russia, they are bogged down and winter is making their offensive a nightmare. I doubt we need to worry much about them as they seemed to have made a colossal error.”

George, replies “That is right, they seemed to have abandoned plans to invade England and are tied down in the East, and the Japs are thousands of miles of ocean away…. I worry for our families that remain in Hungary and some of the people I know who have family in Ukraine where the Germans are laying waste to Eastern Europe.”

Ernie says, “well we’ve been federalized and the Guard is now part of the 107^th Observation Squadron for over a year. The training in Louisiana earlier this year was pretty good. I’m glad they moved us back here for now. But for now, I’m going to enjoy the time we have at home. I’m going to aerial gunnery training in January. I think it could be fun. I just hope this is a skill I’ll never need to use for real.”

Mike replies, “Amen brother, and although I like that they’ve giving me more training as a pilot, I don’t like the idea of low-level observation flights over a battlefield. They’ve made it clear how dangerous such missions are as it requires flying a straight line to get useful imagery.”

Dave says, “I’m turning on the radio, the game is starting.”

With that they listened to the kickoff and the chatter died down, so that all could hear.

At 2:26 PM an announcement interrupts the first quarter of the Dodgers – Giants Football game:

“We interrupt this broadcast to bring you this important bulletin from the United Press. Flash: The White House announces Japanese airplanes have attacked Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii.”

“Jeepers!” Dave, the first to speak, “Why Hawaii?”

Mike with a hand to his mouth says, “Hawaii has a major naval base and air station.”

“How could they cover two thousand miles of open ocean to attack us?” to no one in particular asks George.

The ladies distracted from kitchen duties came rushing in… “What happened?” said Katie.

Bones says, “the Japs attacked us.”

“What does this mean?” Asks Katie.

Steve replies, “It can only mean war with Japan. Maybe it was a minor attack.”

The buzz continues for the next half-hour until at 3:00, CBS anchor John Daly returned with a more urgent update:

“The White House has just issued a further statement on the Japanese attack in the Hawaiian Islands. The text of that statement reads as follows: ‘The Japanese attack on the Hawaiian Islands has caused heavy damage and a loss of many lives.’ This statement, just released by the presidential press secretary, Stephen Early, brings the first indication of the gravity of the surprise raid.”

By 4:00, network bulletins began reporting attacks spreading across the Pacific:

“Flash from United Press: The War Department reports that an unidentified transport ship, believed to be a charter ship carrying lumber, has been torpedoed approximately 1,300 miles west of San Francisco. Meanwhile, the White House confirms that heavy firing is now under way in Manila in the Philippine Islands.”

At 6:30, long after the football game which no one could even remember, Katie said “let’s tune into NBC to see if Mrs. Roosevelt will have anything to say on her program ‘Over our Coffee Cups’… Just as Dave got the radio tuned, they heard the thin but unwavering voice of Elanor Roosevelt:

“I am speaking to you tonight at a very serious moment in our history. The Cabinet is convening and the leaders in Congress are meeting with the President. The State Department and Army and Navy officials have been with the President all afternoon. In fact, the whole Government has been facing the fact that a modern war has been brought to our own shores.”

Knowing she would be speaking to her usual audience of women as well as the men of the nation, she went on to encourage normalcy, despite anxiety, and courage and confidence in the face of the trials to come:

“You cannot escape anxiety. You cannot escape a clutching of the heart at what the future may bring, but we must face what we must face. We must go about our daily business, whatever it may be, and we must do it to the best of our ability… I have complete confidence in the courage and capability of all our people, and together we will go through any trials that may come.”

“I remember well the days of World War I. I remember the anxieties, the heartaches, and the constant feeling that tomorrow might bring news that would change our lives forever. But we came through then, and we will come through now.”

“To the young people of this nation, I say: this is your time. You will bear the brunt of what is to come. But I know your courage, I know your devotion to this country, and I know that you will face whatever comes with a steady heart and an unyielding spirit. We must all stand together now.”

“We are fighting for the right to live in a world where freedom and justice are not just words, but realities for everyone. Let us go forward with faith, with courage, and with an absolute determination that freedom will not perish from this earth. Good night.”

—

Katie and Irene explained the full scope of the speech and the implications to Anna. She understood before they said anything, but she wanted to know more, to understand more. She understood what would be asked of her, she understood with ‘absolute determination that freedom will not perish from this earth’ … she knew this thing, this absolute determination, it was in her soul, and part of her DNA, but she wouldn’t have called it that. She called it ‘szándék’, purpose and will.

She went to Mike, first and hugged him tight, then to Ernie, and did the same, knowing these, her boys, would be going to war. She did not understand completely how this would work, but she knew from history that this would be a struggle of body and soul to be able to live in freedom from tyranny. She knew tyranny, she knew suffering and she wished this cup would pass, but understood that when it came time for wars to be fought, it is young men that do this thing, and it is mothers who will worry and pray, and so she would.

—

The next day Franklin Roosevelt asked congress to declare war on the Nation of Japan, calling December 7^th 1941 ‘a day which will live in infamy’.

This was followed 4 days later with Germany in support of it’s Axis allay Japan declaring war on the United States of America.

We were in it now.

Chapter 7; Summer 1942, Graduation and More

In May, Bones walks in on a Friday evening. George had picked him up from the bus station. Arriving home on leave he hugs his mom, Katie, Richard and Dave. Shakes the hand of Alex. Katie and Alex had finally married in a quiet small ceremony at St. John’s in April, but there is much tension in the family as Richard is twelve now and there is difficulty between him and his step-father.

Dave says “Great to see you Bones, how did you wrangle leave at this time”?

“Well my unit is flying out in a week, so I got a chance to come home and see everyone before we go.”

“They tell you where?”

“Just that we are going to England, the specific base is to be kept a secret, but I don’t get how they are going to keep it a secret when our full bomb group of 64 B-17s fly into the base. They might as well put out a press notice. But that’s the Army for you.”

Dave laughing, “yeah that sure seems silly.”

Ma, hugging Ernie, asks “my son, what is your job, are you working on the planes?”

“Ma, no I’m a gunner. I will fly on the missions and provide the bite from the middle of the plane to any fighters that find their way in to the formation.”

“I don’t like this. You are going to be shot at.”

“Ma, that’s the job. We are trained, and we have a job to do.”

Dave asks, “so you’re not worried?”

“Naw, we fly in formation and we are bristling with guns. They tell us if we fly in a box formation, there is no way enemy fighters are going to reach us, we’ll pump them full of lead with our 50 Caliber guns before they can get close enough to hit us. I’d say I’m more worried about Flak, than fighters. With flak, its’ just the luck of the draw. But we fly pretty high and the odds of flak finding us at speed at that altitude seems low. Besides, I’ve always been lucky.”

“Besides, it could be a while before we see action. I expect we’ll get to see some of England before all the capability to launch raids are available and ready to go.”

Dave says, “Bones I see they gave you another stripe.”

“Yes, the promotion to sergeant helps with a bit more pay.”

“I heard from Mike that they are offering him a commission.”

Ernie replies “yes, but he said he was going to turn it down, he’s happy to be a ‘flying sergeant’ and when the war is over he’ll be able to stay in the service and transition back to Michigan with the Air National Guard. Officers are likely to lose their commission when the war ends and would have to leave. He loves the flying and would like to stay with the service. He thinks that with the fire power we are bringing into the war and with the Nazi’s bogged down in Russia the war maybe short in Europe. I’m not so sure, but hopeful.”

“Hey, how is school and the job at Ford’s going?”

“Good, I graduate in a few weeks, but can stay on to the apprenticeship program and working the armor production line it seems.”

“What about the draft, since they changed it to include 18-year-olds, don’t you expect to be inducted?”

“Well, right now they classified me as 2-A because I’m a student and more importantly I’m in an apprenticeship program for electronics. I suppose they need more people with these skills … so, I’m going to continue to get an education while I can. As well as contribute to the war effort.”

“Great. Stay with it.”

Ma interjected, “yes, we don’t need any more of you boys in the Army.”

“Hey, let’s go over to George’s, he said he was going to have the gypsies tonight. You know how he rolls up the carpet and makes room for dancing… We should all go, enough of this war talk, we have this time to have fun, I plan to do so … also I want to see little Dave. I’ve been gone so long by now he must be walking … maybe even dancing.”

Katie says, “yeah that sounds great. That boy is a pistol, already running around like his name sake here.”

With that they packed up and walked to the corner and crossed White Street to the sound of music just getting going as George and Irene had already moved the furniture and had the windows open as the Gypsies were playing lively music.

Bones smoked a cigarette on the walk over, appreciative of the family and fun, but apprehensive about what was to come. Presenting a brave face to ma is one thing, convincing yourself of your youthful immortality is totally another thing.

—

In two weeks, Bones was on the flight to England, staying as warm as possible, bundled in a heavy wool lined flight jacket, gloves and hat. Happy that the open windows where their 50 cal. Machine guns would normally be exposed were boarded up for the flight across the Atlantic. The refueling stops in Canada, and then Newfoundland were welcome chances to stretch legs, warm up a bit and have a bite to eat before renewing their journey. Arriving into England, where they would make their home, and from where they would fight a desperate battle for liberty, they were tired and numb but excited. They are the 8^th Air Force, 97th Bombardment Group.

Over the next two months they outfitted the planes, and made a few practice runs to include take off and landings and rendezvous for forming up into their combat box formations, before sliding into bombing run formation over target. Now within range of enemy aircraft, they flew armed and ready, even if they did not have bomb loads yet.

Bones was busy. The crew was becoming close, they had developed a friendship, and although the captain and the first officer were officers and technically shouldn’t mix with the enlisted men of the crew, they did. They knew they would be dependent on each other as well as the maintenance crew that made sure their plane was in tip-top operational shape. They played ball together, challenging other crews. They made the sprawling base at RAF Grafton Underwood their home. Located in the middle of England, Northwest of London.

The beautiful countryside was a pleasure to witness from the open bay of the waist gunner. Nice, of course, when no one was shooting at you. The small space between the two waist gunners required a delicate dance to keep from bumping into each other. Bones became good friends with Charlie Magyar … a fellow second-generation Hungarian, whose name ironically means Hungarian. Charlie was from Cleveland and knew some of Bone’s Cleveland cousins. This, and the cramped quarters, made it all seem so much more like home… they would chatter some in Hungarian, to get a feel of home, and maybe, just a little, to annoy the other crewmates. They had their own language. Bones was excited to share with home, in a letter that all is good and all he knew about Magyar from Cleveland.

Their captain, was Johnny Sutcliff, from Atlanta. He had a good old boy Southern drawl, that took some time to get used to, especially over the intercom network they all tied into while in flight. But over time they all learned to speak a bit of Southern, it just became part of the tapestry of the crew. You couldn’t be together as much as they were without picking up something from each of other. They named their plane ‘Southern Drawl’… and it seemed a good joke to everyone, as they made sure to use the accent they picked up from Captain Johnny when they talked to other crews.

Everyone called Bones, Bones rather the sergeant Kulchar … it seemed to fit as he was skinny and wiry, and when he pitched on the ball field, it looked like all kinds of bones coming at you before the ball arrived out of that crazy windup.

So far, the training was going quite normal. One of the crews had a rough landing and cracked up their landing gear, and they got bounced around, but everyone survived.

By July, everyone was anxious to get on with the real reason they were there, so they could win this war and get home.

Come August, they would be flying real missions.

—

At home, David was graduating, but it seemed secondary to him to the apprenticeship program at Ford’s. The program was being accelerated to meet the requirements of the war effort. David expected to earn his Electricians Journeyman card by the spring of 1943, instead of 1945 as would be a normal timeline for peacetime apprenticeship. He was now spending more time at Ford’s than he was in high school. Track that spring had become far less important. He had his records in track, and he was proud of them, but the world was becoming far more serious.

The true nature of the attack on Pearl Harbor, and the extent of the losses brought a seriousness to everything they were doing, every life event. The nation cheered the Doolittle raid in mid-April on Tokyo. It was a great moral victory! But now in May the battle of the Coral Sea brought home the nature of the violence that would be the Pacific theater, and the simultaneous surrender of the Philippines to Japanese forces, made clear this would not be easy or quick.

Graduation was a muted affair. After church, dinner on the lawn was interrupted by a rain storm. It seemed the world was dark and turning darker. Mike was in Louisiana still flying anti-submarine patrols in the gulf and along the Eastern seaboard of Florida. Bones was in England. Dave was now 20 and subject to the draft if it were not for his apprenticeship providing him 2-A classification. While Steve, was 4-A and unable to be inducted due to his eyesight. George the oldest was 36 and therefore beyond the draft age of 35. So thankfully three of the brothers remained home.

Ma, Katie and Irene still prepared a graduation feast and they all celebrated Dave’s graduation and they celebrated once again the apprenticeship program that kept him home for the foreseeable future.

The factories were humming in Detroit. The steel town was growing, providing the armor needed for the defense of Democracy. Young men were now dying in far flung places, places that required a world atlas to find and provide a relative idea on the distance being navigated in this World-wide-War. Meanwhile the military was growing at a pace that seems unimaginable.

Mike sent a letter of congratulations, and a note to say that he and the 107^th Observation Squadron would be shipping out to England in a few weeks.

Ma was worried, but hoped that Mike and Ernie would find themselves together in England. Somehow knowing they might be together made it seem more palatable.

George, holding their newest child, Dave, said “well we are all doing well, and everyone is healthy, and Davey has completed his education and is on his way to being an electrician. Congratulations Dave, we are all very proud of you! Cheers!”

Chapter 8; August 1942, Deployment and First Mission

It was a raining on the day Mike shipped out. At least for ma, in Ecorse it was raining the day his squadron boarded a ship in Louisiana and began its perilous journey to England. She could only imagine that it was raining where he was at as well. He was 32, and although she was thankful he had stayed with her to help with the household after Frank had passed, she worried that he might never find the right girl and have a family. She worried that he was leaving for England on a ship in treacherous waters, having heard the news of the many ships and lives lost to German U-boats… for this was a terrible time in the Gulf and the Atlantic. She worried for Ernie, who would soon be flying bombing missions. She worried for Davey, could her baby stay out of this war? She worried for all of mankind, and so she prayed. She prayed for all of her sons, but especially on this day for Mike. It seemed that life was tenuous, but she trusted her prayers, she trusted that they mattered and would keep catastrophe at bay, because the consequence of not trusting was impossible. The consequence of being faithless was too much to contemplate. Too much to imagine.

Mike’s squadron at this time, with the new name of the 107^th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron, had already started out out in the Gulf of Mexico and around Florida. They left in the very early hours of the day, when it was dark and the moon was nothing more than a sliver in the sky. Not as perfect as a moonless night, but infinitely better than a full moon night.

They were following a path they knew well for it is where they were just recently hunting German U-Boats. They’d feel much better if they had never found any, but they had, and sadly very few were sunk. Mike imagine them out there, looking right at him as he stood at the railing feeling the soft summer breeze and the motion of the ship and the vibration and hum of the engine. Black out running conditions meant he couldn’t enjoy a cigarette on the deck. Somehow, he felt safer on the top deck than in the lower decks of the crowded ship. He knew it made little difference if attacked, but as a pilot, he always felt better when prepared, and when he had thought of an escape, no matter how unlikely the prospects may be.

Mike felt no better about this deployment than ma for sure. He would rather have stayed in Louisiana flying low and hunting U-Boats. They had the capability of firing back, but their bite was limited to anti-aircraft guns mounted on their deck. A fast-moving maneuvering fighter made the probability of a lucky shot limited. Besides as he was the hunter, the German subs would dive if they could to escape attack.

He would rather be the hunter than the hunted. In this case he felt like the hunted, like a sitting duck on a tin can. When flying missions, he had some semblance of control, at the moment it all felt out of control.

At the rail, he focused his attention and thoughts to his family. Family was everything. He worried for his ma, who now had two sons in danger. He worried for Bones, for he had written that attack missions were to start very soon. Somehow these concerns made it less scary to be out on the Gulf being hunted.

At this very moment, it was an August 17 morning in England, and Bones was climbing into the Southern Drawl, with his nine other crewmates. It was a cool, but humid August morning with dew on the fields glistening, and the cold aircraft feeling damp. It looked like a great, clear day to fly. In the plane he pulled on his flight jacket and gloves, knowing the weather at altitude would be much colder, like 100 degrees colder, than this pleasant morning in central England. The butterflies in his stomach told him something very different was happening. The rumble of the engines starting, the comms check, the check and recheck of his weapon was all familiar but the feeling was decidedly different. Captain Sutcliff’s southern voice over the intercom had a calming effect. He made it sound like just another training mission. But it wasn’t.

Lumbering off of the runway, the great plane, loaded with bombs gained altitude in the dense August air. Having a moment to think, Ernie thought of ma, of his family, of the girl he’d got to know in too-little time before deployment. He, had a feeling of comfort, knowing they all are safe. As he’d been taught, he muttered the Lord’s Prayer. He hadn’t thought that this is something he would do. He and his sister and brothers had been raised within the church and faith was central to their being, but he viewed it something of an obligation to ma, something of an add-on to their culture, to the fabric of being Byzantine Catholic in a Hungarian enclave, not as something particularly useful. But there it was, coming through at a time he knew by instinct to be dangerous and he had a desire to be comforted by a higher power. He hoped that he would know many more such missions, as the tour of duty was 25 missions, and this was just the first.

After a half-hour of circling and gaining altitude, the great plane formed up with the rest of the 18-plane combat flight formation. Forming a box at least 800 feet wide 400 feet deep and 400 feet in altitude they felt they were an effective combat machine. In addition, they had an escort of RAF spitfires. Just as Ernie had told his ma, everyone protecting each other.

Arriving over German occupied France there was almost no anti-aircraft flak, and no harassment from Luftwaffe fighters, they lined up to drop their bomb load and successfully delivered the first attack by B-17 Bombers against the Rouen-Sotteville railroad marshalling yards in German-occupied France. This was a complete surprise to the un-prepared Germans. Three German fighters managed to scramble and get to the formation to harass them on their return flight, but they gave up when they encountered heavy firing from these grouped bombers. Something they had never seen before.

An uneventful flight, a successful mission. Bones and crew celebrated. Instinctually they knew it really couldn’t be this easy, but a win is a win, and the English beer tasted good that evening!

—

As the ships approached the Eastern Seaboard, they formed up with others leaving other ports to make a sizeable convoy with Navy Destroyers as escorts. Mike’s North Atlantic portion of the cruise was substantially rougher than the passage across the Gulf and around Florida. The experienced merchant seamen, were happy to see the rough waters of the North Atlantic, for this made it significantly more difficult for German U-boats to spot them and line up torpedo attacks in the swells and troughs of such rough seas. But not so much for their passengers. Mike and his crewmates from the squadron were pretty green around the gills and more than one meal was lost to the sea. Being a pilot, Mike thought he would handle the motion just fine, but it’s not the same as the swoops and turns of a fighter plane, the long rolling waves created a different sort of torment to the belly. He imagined what it must have been like for his ma and pa in the tin buckets they came across the Atlantic in to America’s shores forty years ago, and then he went right to the railing to add his contribution to the sea.

Arriving into the port of Greenock Scotland safely, to the relief of all on board, the process of unloading left to the expert longshoremen of the royal navy and merchant marine, the grateful passengers were given an evening in the harbor town to grab a bite to eat and some good Scottish beer before they would board their train to their new home at RAF Membury. Mike was typically a loner, but in this case, he was happy to spend some time with his squadron mates taking in a bit of the local life of bars, where despite the on-going tragedy of war, they were cheering the new arrivals to the fight and singing their sailor songs.

Mike, soon at RAF Membury, and only 100 miles from where Bones was stationed, would find himself being checked out in the Supermarine Spitfire. These are sleek looking aircraft with good climb rate and maneuverability. The training birds were not yet outfitted with the cameras that would provide vital intelligence to the war planning. But they were a pleasure to fly. Very soon, they would be flying reconnaissance missions… being maneuverable was vital if they get jumped, but flying straight and level for good camera work was the real danger to these upcoming missions.

These were the same type of planes protecting his brother’s B-17 flight squadron, flown by the brave and victorious RAF fighters. They had won the battle of Britain the previous two years and they were excited to take the fight to Huns.

The boys were now in the fight.

Chapter 9; November 1942, Bloody War

The bloodiest battles of 1942 were being fought in the Pacific Theater. The news reports of the battle for Guadalcanal were horrifying. The Japanese were fighting to the last man, inflicting horrendous casualties. The Sea and Air battle in the Coral Sea associated with an attempt to keep the Japanese from retaking the critical airfield on Guadalcanal added to the carnage.

In North Africa, the Allies landing was opposed viciously by the Vichy French forces that sided with the Germans. Expecting that they would not fight, the Americans and British were surprised. It took several days before Vichy French agreed to lay down their weapons. Hitler was furious. He ordered the taking of the rest of what was then called the Free French region and tasked his best general to push the Allies out of North Africa.

For Bones and Mike these were concerning, but far away wars battles being fought in another part of the world. Mike had begun reconnaissance flights over German occupied France, and to a limited extent to the Belgium/German border. He flew most days when the weather was clear. The intel provided on troop and weapon movement, and damage assessment was of vital importance to Bomber command. Having good target information and most importantly damage assessments were very important. Knowing a bombing raid was successful meant there was no need for another dangerous mission to the same target. Mike’s missions were two aircraft missions, one to fly low and steady to get good images the other to protect from enemy aircraft that might otherwise pounce on a single aircraft flying low over targets. Mike and his wingman, Randy took turns flying cover for each other. Most mission flights were relatively uncomplicated as they often surprised the Germans because two low-level planes might not be spotted by the coastal watchers. But there was always the chance of a fighter patrol jumping them. Their mission was to take pictures, not get into a shootout with the Germans, so the occasioned dogfights were short. They would break it off, and try later whenever they could.

In contrast, Bones found out life for B-17 Crews was very tenuous. The Germans figured out how to wait until Spitfires were beyond their range to provide coverage, as well as, how to pick off aircraft from the combat box. Often flying in to the nose of the formation, or from above, diving through a formation they were a very fast target, difficult to hit, and the lumbering B-17s were a very large target subject to great damaged by their cannon fire. It usually took many hits to bring an aircraft down, due to the sturdy build of the multi-engine bomber. But this was very dangerous to crew members, for even if the aircraft survived, the crew were often wounded or killed. When the fighters broke off, the flak started. The flak had grown thicker and more accurate as Bomber Command extended their reach into the German industrial centers. This was the German homeland and it was fiercely protected. The German fighters would attack again once the bomber squadron completed their bombing run and were returning beyond the reach of flak. The bombers were harassed continuously on each mission. The probability of a crew making it through a 25-mission tour was incredibly low. The relatively unprotected waist gunner’s chance of survival was around 21% in 1942 and 43.

Mike got leave to go see his brother just North of his base for Thanksgiving. He managed to get a ride on a truck moving mail and supplies up to RAF Grafton Underwood. It was only a three-hour drive.

Bones was given some time off as well to meet with his brother. By this time, they were both veterans, and had seen both death and disaster.

Exhausted, they decided to stay on base and take advantage of the food and local community which were invited on base to participate and make the men displaced from home feel more at home.

Mike said, “Well how many missions in are you?”

Bones replied, “Just 8 missions in to the tour, there’s been poor weather over much of Europe and each mission is like a lifetime… the first mission was a breeze, but the Jerrys caught on fast and they have been making life miserable. Some missions we come back with only half the number of planes that we left with. And the ones that do make it back are quite often shot up and require significant repair or they are simply scrapped for spare parts. Our crew is on its second B-17, and already four of the crew are replacements.”

With a pause and a tear in his eye, he continued “my buddy Charlie, you know Magyar from Cleveland was killed last week… cannon fire went right through my side of the plane and hit Charlie in the back, it blew a hole out the other side of his body the size of a basketball. There was nothing anyone could do. I just wish I had got the Me109 before he could’ve fired that shot.”

“Damn Bones, that is tough. He’s the guy you told me knew our cousins.”

“Yeah, I’ve written ma, because I told her I had someone we knew with us, and we could talk, he and I, in Hungarian. I know that gave her comfort, but that was a big mistake, because I know now she’s going to worry more.”

“Shit, Bones, what about you? That has to make you worry too.”

“Yeah, you’d think so, but it has done something different to me. I came away mad as hell. I want us to win and kick the Jerries’ ass. I don’t know if I can care for my own safety, I have my routine, my ‘Lord’s Prayer’ before every mission, and I feel like I’m in a different time and space, like I can see a future, and I know I’m going to be okay. I don’t know how to explain, but I just don’t worry. I may never get the image of crewmates being blown apart out of my mind, but I will not let it break me. How about you?”

“You know Bones, it is different for me. There are only two of us on a mission and we are very busy, navigating to the right target, looking out for each other, and getting our pictures and hightailing out of Dodge. The dangers are real, but we are so busy, I don’t have time to think about catching some random flak, or being jumped by Jerry fighters. We do our mission and scoot. We’ve gotten into a couple of scraps, but we don’t stay engaged. There are times I’d like to, just to get the buggers, but that’s not what we are there to do. We are there to make your jobs with Bomber Command more effective. So far, the 107^th has been extremely lucky. We’ve only had one killed by enemy fire and one mechanical failure, and he was able to bail out and made it home. Not exactly sure what happened to Smitty, who was KIA…he was a good man. Maybe flak got him, who knows. I’m really sorry for your loss Bones. From what you said, it sounded like Charlie was a good man.”

“Yeah, thanks. But now what about ma? You know this news about Charlie is going to scare her. I don’t want to do that again, so from now on, I’m not going to share such connections with crewmates, hell, I just don’t want to get close to these guys. Being a teammate is a beautiful thing in practice and training, but in the real thing, it can tear your heart out.”

“Well for me, I’m good with my single seater… I hear you guys are shipping out?”

“Yeah, they are moving us to North Africa now that they’ve secured a couple of bases there. That’s going to be quite the change, I hear it is quite dry there, it will be a break from this dang cold and humid environment. Maybe I’ll get a chance to work on my tan!”

“For sure, this English climate has been pretty dank and dreary of late. But this weather here and on the continent means fewer mission flights.”

“I’m afraid there will be fewer breaks flying out of North Africa. The heat of the desert is not likely to matter when we get to altitude. You know Mike, the temperature gets to -50 or -60. I have to keep massaging my mask in order to keep the valves from freezing shut. We remove all the grease from the guns, because the grease freezes at altitude and we can’t swivel the guns to target attackers. The cold is relentless. None of us use the electronic heated suits because if the electrical gets knocked out we’ll freeze to death. The heavily fleece lined leather suits are not enough, but less risky than the “blue bunny” suits. Less to go wrong. This war is hell. This is a frozen hell.”

“Bones, it is for sure. For the moment, I’m thankful you are okay, and that we can be here together even if it is just a day.”

“Mike, let’s do what we can to win this damn war, for all the guys that have been lost, especially Charlie and Smitty, and so that others may not have to come here to fight.”

“Amen brother, let’s get some grub, and a couple of beers!”

—

Back home, Ma, sitting with Steve and Dave, was reeling over the news about the Magyar boy and the dangers for both Ernie and Mike. It was early and Thanksgiving turkey wasn’t yet in the oven, but would be soon.

“I’m so worried for my boys” she was saying, and “I pray you two are not going to have to go.”

“I still don’t think they’ll change the rules for someone with my eyesight mom, so I’ll be here with you.”

Dave replied, “ma, I don’t know what will happen, they lowered the age of draftees to 18 which means I’m eligible to be drafted, but for now they are keeping the rule for those like me that are in electrician apprenticeships to be exempt from the draft. I can’t see that changing as increasingly the planes and tanks and other weapon systems require electronics. With respect to Mike and Bones, they know how to take care of themselves, they’ll be okay.” Saying this as a way of comforting ma, and giving his own thoughts some assurance.

“Ma, Dave’s right, they’ll be fine… we have much to be thankful for today… do you want me to help you write a letter to Charlie’s family in Cleveland?”

“Yes, but I’m not sure what to say.”

“Say, the same as you would if you saw them at church, that you pray for his soul and that Christ might comfort them in their time of grief… for it is the highest form of sacrifice to give one’s life in the battle against evil and in the defense of the innocence.”

Ma said “Steve, this is beautiful, please write that for me in our language.”

Chapter 10; Spring 1943, We Have a Long Way to Go

The battle for North Africa is nearly complete. The Jerries are on the run and the Allied forces are closing in on them in Tunisia. Tunisia would give the Allies a jumping off point for invading Sicily and the Italian mainland. At the Casablanca conference, the Allies called for the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers. It was apparent there would not be a negotiated peace, that the European continent would have to be taken back by force. There was no world where Nazi Germany could live with the British or American democratic republics or for that matter with Communist Russia. The German 6^th Army had surrendered that winter at Stalingrad. Millions of casualties on both sides were a precursor to the next couple years of brutal war. Things were not much better in the Pacific. Island hoping campaign meant tragic amphibian landings on island after island.

The demand for war materials was increasing at an alarming rate, but even more concerning was the casualty rate for the infantry attacking entrenched and defending troops of the Japan for each island invasion, and the loses in North Africa was straining the ability for America to train and replace the losses of soldiers. More planes, tanks, and ammunition could be made, but it took a long time to grow men to the age of service and train them to be effective warriors. General George Marshall, reviewing the detailed planning and casualty estimates based on the experienced gained in recent campaigns, concluded that massive numbers of infantry men would be needed to successfully invade the European continent and the Japanese homeland. The Army was restructuring its training to shorten the induction and pre-combat training, the draft boards were getting more stringent, and young men who were given opportunity to study math and sciences and those learning critical trades such as machinist and electricians were being called to service. At the same time, women were taking over critical defense industry positions as men were drafted to serve.

In the Kulchar family, Katie went to work in the ammunition factory on Mill street, where Irene worked until young Davey was born. Richard, her son and MaryAnn, Irene’s daughter pulled a wagon through the village to gather scrap metal and rubber for the war effort. Her husband Alex was working on the assembly line at Willow Run where B-24 Liberator Bombers were being built on an enormous production line. Eventually the factory would achieve an astounding production rate of one bomber per hour. Steve and George worked in the steel mill producing a continuous flow of steel needed for every imaginable war industry. In the evenings they participated in monitoring blackout rules and watching for possible saboteurs as part of their home guard duties. They knew that if reachable, the Detroit area would be a prime industrial target for Axis powers.

Dave, of course, continued to support the production line at Ford’s producing key armor elements as he learned to become an electrician, but as his 21^st birthday was approaching in May, he knew it would be time to consider enlistment rather than being drafted. He’d have to have to have an uncomfortable conversation with ma soon.

Anna went to see the Gypsy fortune tellers in Delray, Irene would drive her there when she could. They would tell her that her sons were in danger, but were unhurt. This was worth as much as a letter, for there was an intrinsic faith in the magic of the Tellers. She told Anna, the future would be good, that they will be home, but there would be more difficulties ahead. Anna and Irene would make a visit to St. John’s after and light candles for the boys, and also, in hopes that the Teller was right. It was sort of like belts and suspenders. You can never be too careful.

Everyone had a part to play.

In England, Mike was still flying reconnaissance flights over German occupied France, he had one kill in his Spitfire when he was flying cover for his wingman and an Me109 wouldn’t get off of his wingman as he was making a camera run. They broke and tried to run, but this Me109 wanted a fight. Turning back on him, Mike gave him a burst of 20mm cannon fire that completely obliterated his engine. At the relatively low altitudes, there was no escape, the 109 cart-wheeled into the countryside and exploded.

They heard they would soon get the P-51 Mustangs. He was looking forward to what was rumored to be a more powerful fighter, with greater range, but he knew he’d miss his highly maneuverable Spitfire.

Bones in North Africa was settled in and now flying missions to finish off the Germans in Tunisia and then missions to Sicily, the Italian mainland and into Southern Germany. Counting on the Lord’s prayer for fortitude before each mission, he had two kills of enemy fighters, which in his mind helped avenge the death of Charlie, but so many others were still to be avenged. Somehow Southern Drawl continued to fly missions when planes nearby had been knocked out of the sky.

Sometimes Bones could see parachutes of the crewmembers and sometimes there was nothing, or the fatally wounded plane fell out of the formation and into the clouds where it was impossible to witness crew survival. Often, he was too busy tracking German fighters… and once in the flak fields, when the attacking fighters had backed off to avoid the friendly fire flak, Bones, like everyone, was trying to make themselves as small as possible. Small pieces of shrapnel from nearby flak explosions would travel right through the skin of the bomber with sometimes deadly consequences. A couple weeks earlier they had lost an engine due to flak. Fortunately, especially after the bomb load is released, the aircraft can easily make it home on three of the four engines. If need be, it was possible to limp home on just two of the four engines. The time it took to repair the Southern Drawl, extended the time it would take to complete the mission tour, but these breaks were much-needed. They all needed breaks from the nerve rattling, freezing cold, highly dangerous bomber crew missions.

The advantage to flying missions out of North Africa was that the threat from flak over Italy and Southern Germany was much less than flying out of England into France and North Germany. The number of fighters they encountered were also fewer. Bones and his squadron mates had a much higher chance of survival. This was offset by the US Army Air Corp extending the number of missions for a tour to 50.

Bones and the four crewmembers remaining from the original ten were nearing the end of their 25-mission tour, but now the goal line had been changed. They were going to have to survive through 50 missions before going home. It seemed like an impossible task. Bones had seen too many bunks empty the night after their daylight missions. He had stopped learning the names of the replacements brought in to the squadron. He was not a drinker, but began drinking to sleep at night, if only for a few hours before waking in a cold terror, shaking. He told no one. But everyone looked the same to him, no one was sleeping. You could not go through this and think of yourself as okay. If asked however, there was only one answer, I’m okay. The best way to deal with the stress for Bones was to sleep when he could, keep his routine as faithful as possible, and simply assume you were already dead. The attitude was “it’s just a matter of time”

It seemed like such a long way to go… for everyone!

Chapter 11; Summer 1943, Enlistment

Dave, now 21 and no longer protected by age nor the 2-A draft classification due to the apprenticeship program, realized he was running out of time. Induction was coming through the draft or enlistment. His brothers were serving, everyone he knew was serving. It was time. If enlisting, maybe his mechanic skills or training as an electrician would give him a chance to serve in the Signal Corp or possibly the Motor Pool of the Army.

On Sunday, July 4, after church, Dave gathered with some of the remaining friends not already in the service near the waterfront. It was beautiful weather along the Detroit river. The war seemed far away as they shared a smoke, threw a ball around, and drank some beer. Swing and jazz numbers were coming from Murry’s car radio. It helped put everyone in a good mood.

Everyone had been working hard, and it was good to forget about the news for a bit. All had friends and brothers and cousins overseas fighting or training for this eventuality. The last thing this young crowd wanted to think about was the future, but it seems the future is inescapable, it chases relentlessly.

Millie, from Wyandotte was there, sitting on the hood of a car, she looked amazing. But so too was her guy, Bill. He was talking about enlistment before draft. Dave and Bill commiserated that this is probably the best thing to do, but with no true commitment to the idea.

Dave had driven the Indian motorcycle he had bought from a buddy already deployed overseas. It needed work, but Dave was handy and had it in tip top mechanical condition, even if the chrome and leather might be a bit worn.

Having some cash in his pocket from working at Ford’s made the summer along the river front more fun. There were some carnival rides set up in the park along the river. One could almost imagine that the world was a peaceful joyful place. Betty was happy to see him, and join him on the tilt-a-whirl and share a beer and a snack. But Dave also kept an eye on Millie, thinking she’s the one that got away.

Betty and Dave, along with four other friends put down a blanket on the park grass as the evening was rolling on. There would be no fireworks display, as it was prohibited.

Jack brought a guitar out, and others moved closer with their blankets and beer. They started out with “Pistol Packin Mama” … everyone singing out loud, and laughing…

“Oh, she kicked out my windshield and she hit me over the headShe cussed and cried and said I’d lied and she wished that I was dead”

And everyone getting into the chorus:

Oh, lay that pistol down, babe, lay that pistol downPistol packin’ mama, lay that pistol down”

Jack followed up with “Praise the Lord and Pass the Ammunition”

including the lyrics:

Yes, the sky pilot said it
Ya gotta give him credit
For a sonofagun of a gunner was he

Shouting Praise the Lord, we’re on a mighty mission
All aboard, we ain’t a-goin’ fishin’
Praise the Lord and pass the ammunition
And we’ll all stay free

The lyrics cause Dave to think about Bones and Mike…

The next song even more so… they all sang along was “Coming in On a Wing and Prayer” … including the lyrics:

One of our planes was missingTwo hours overdueOne of our planes was missingWith all its gallant crewThe radio sets were hummingThey waited for the wordThen a voice broke through the hummingAnd this is what they heard

Coming in on a wing and a prayerComing in on a wing and a prayerThough there’s one motor goneWe can still carry onComing in on a wing and a prayer

What a show! What a fight!Yes, we really hit our target for tonight!How we sing as we limp through the airLook below, there’s our field over thereWith our full crew aboardAnd our trust in the LordWe’re coming in on a wing and a prayer

How we sing as we limp through the airLook below, there’s our field over thereWith our full crew aboardAnd our trust in the LordWe’re coming in on a wing and a prayer

The songs moving all of them, for they all had someone they were thinking of as the lyrics to these war songs washed over them. Dave thinking of Bones and Mike. He knew now, that he needed to do his part too.

As the evening wore on, Dave’s mood changed, he became more intense, less attuned to the party atmosphere. He did like Betty, even if she might not be the ‘one’… he told her that he has something important to do in this world, and that he was going to enlist. It was time. It was getting dark, so Dave didn’t notice the tears that were glistening in her eyes as she kissed him goodbye. Asking him to stay safe.

Dave, got on his motorbike and drove home to hear the latest news on the radio, and to think. Not so much about what to do but how to tell ma.

—

On this July 4^th in England, Mike enjoyed a beer with his squadron mates, and discussed the war effort. There would be no fireworks here either, unless it was as a result of a Luftwaffe attack. July 4^th was a muted affair here as in the states.

The observation flights were beginning to focus more on costal defensive positions and logistical sites of rail stations, switching yards, bridges in France and Belgium. It was similar to the flights over Dieppe prior to the invasion attempt the previous year. They all felt it was something of a dress rehearsal, or a testing of capability and response for a future invasion of the continent. Everyone knew it needed to be done, but when and how? In a five-days, they would find out it was to be first an invasion of Sicily.

For now, they talked about tactics and results. Flying in low below radar, two plane teams. The lead doing navigation and operating cameras, the second flying cover. The low-level flight lead to ground fire taking pieces out of many planes. A lucky shot would mean nearly certain death at these low levels. If hit, they talked about gaining altitude to bail out. They needed to avoid dogfights at all costs in order to complete their mission and get the film back to support intelligence operations. The first flight absolutely dependent on the cover of their wingman. By now they had lost 5 pilots KIA. Overall, they were highly successful and their survival rate was so much better than the bomber crews and escort fighters. They had a well-earned sense of pride for the value they delivered to the US Army Air Corp.

—

In North Africa, Bones and his crewmates were playing a game of pickup baseball. It was hot as hell, but dry. They played without shirts and didn’t mind the heat. They all had had too much time nearly freezing to death at 25,000 feet. The intense heat and searing sun were something they could remember the next time they were at cruising altitude over the Mediterranean. Their plane was down for maintenance and repairs, so they had a couple days break. A couple days to be young men again. To play games, to joke and be alive with life, before they would once again be part of the killing machine that was the B-17 bomber and its crew. The massive load of bombs, they thought of as delivering over a target, without much thought about the consequences for the people on the ground. It made no sense that any country would bring war to their nation when the consequences would be enormous waves of bombers with highly explosive ordinance. It was impossible to reconcile. It was impossible to reconcile that these young men playing a game would in a couple of days again deliver such destruction.

—

On Monday, after the pounding in his head from a bit too much of Detroit’s finest Stroh’s beer. and a weak breakfast of some left over perogies and bread. Dave, asked his mother to come away from her ironing so he could speak to her.

In careful, but clear Hungarian, he laid out the case for enlistment, knowing she would not want to hear it. But also, knowing, as Steve had told him; “she would support him no matter what he wanted to do.”

“Ma, I have to go. I’ve turned 21 and they will draft me in any case, but more than this, I want to do my part. Mike and Bones have been fighting this war and I’m so proud of them, but I need to do my part too. I think with my experience as mechanic and training in electronics that I could be serving in the motor pool or the signal corp. There is a high probability I will not be in the front lines. I’m sorry ma, but I have to go, please understand.”

As tough as she wanted to be, and pretended to be, there was a soft spot in her heart for her youngest. The one who was smart, and quick with a word and ready with a smile. He was too handsome, too persuasive and she would do whatever she could to support his dreams and his purpose.

But when she cried, he cried too. There would now be three sons in this war. The darkness out of Germany, she had seen before; as it always seems to be … And for her, it always seemed that the Hungarians would pay a big price in these wars of conquest… It did not matter if it was from the home country or from the adopted country of America, the working boys, her beautiful boys would be asked to sacrifice.

Consoled somewhat with the convenient story, that he would likely be a mechanic working well behind the front lines, she accepted, as all mother’s must accept, that it was his choice.

Like so many other mothers she would pray and light candles each Sunday for his and his brothers safe return. With this she said “Krisztus veled”… “Christ be with you” as she kissed him.

Drying the tears from his eyes, he walked down the street to George and Irene’s home on White Street, the site of previous childhood battles gypsy celebrations, to ask Irene for a ride to the enlistment station on Fort Street, maybe just for the company, for he could have taken his motorcycle despite the threatening rain clouds in the Eastern sky.

—

Irene, happy to be out and away from the kids as Katie was home from the ammunition factory, as this was a holiday watched Richard, MaryAnn, Mickey and Dave… as they are always a handful. But the recruitment center was open. The government knew that after Independence Day there would be an increase in enlistments.

The weather was calm, the expected rain was still far off, so she rolled down the window and relaxed. She was thankful there were a few other young men in line before Dave. Another half-hour or so away from home would be good thing. Many in line looked like recent graduates from what she could see from the curb.

A thought came to her slow, but sure like a tide rising, that these young men were likely to find themselves in great danger. Sure, there was the excitement of the uniform, the marching, the training. But in this tide of thought she remembered the parades she watched while on her father’s shoulders of young men in wheel chairs, missing legs, those marching with an arm sleeve folded up where an arm should have been. Yes, as the thought proceeded, those may have been the lucky ones. The ones who came back, even if disfigured. The thought came like a cold sweat on a warm day, it chilled her as she thought of Davey and Mike and Bones too. All of them serving. What might, this do to her mother-in-law, Anna, so brave and tough, but still a mother. What if her Mickey was old enough to march into an enlistment center, how would she handle it?

On the drive home, they were quiet. Dave lost in thoughts about what the Army would be like. Could he be something like the warriors he had read about? Would he do well enough on the aptitude test to land a job that would provide lasting value, or would he find himself on the front-lines? It now seemed very real and close, as he had committed himself to get on a bus in a couple of weeks to camp. Fear for how his life was about to change, and yet excited for the adventures to come…

And Irene driving quietly, lost in her own thoughts. Not being able to shake the feeling of fear which came over her, and the memory of the Great War veterans.

Mike Varga Musings

When Hell Froze – Draft